Cabinet construction and the method of building the same



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CABINET CONSTRUCTION AND THE METHOD OF BUILDING THE SAME Oct. 11, 1927.

1,644,988 L. G. copi-:MAN CABINET CONSTRUCTION AND THE METHOD OFBUILDING THE wSAME originen Filed oct. 9, 1925 3 sheets-amyv 2'INVENTOR.

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A TTORNEY.

l 1,644,988 Oct- 11 1927 1 (3. COPE-MAN CABINET CONSTRUCTION AND THElMETHOD OF BUILDING THE SAME Original Filed Oct. 9, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet3 ATTORNEY. l

Patented oct. 11.1921.

' UNITED STATESA LLOYD G. COPEMAN, OF FLINT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T0COPIEMAN' LABORATORIES COMPANY, OF FLINT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION ,ormomenti.

' CABINET CONSTRUCTION AND THE METHOD 0F BUILDING THE SAME.

Application led October 9, 1925, Serial No. 61,392. Renewed July 14,1927.

This invention relates to a 'refrigerator or Y cabinet construction, andthe method of'- building the same, and has for its object theconstruction of a refrigerator which possesses all the advantages oflightness which the all-wood refrigerator has, but to all outwardappearances the refrigerator is the same as a solid stone refrigerator.

Another object is the construction of an 1@ exterior coating which is ofstone, and which may be very easily and quickly applied. My improvedconstruction enables me to coat the entire exterior surface of thelrefrigerator with a relatively thin coating of artificial' is stone.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a cross section through a refrigerator shell placed in a mouldin preparation for casting the stone interior shell. v

Fig. 2 is a similar section for showing the refrigerator removed fromthe mould and having the stone inner shell moulded therein, takensubstantially on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the completed refrigerator takenVsubstantially on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectionalperspective view of the completed refrigerator.

This application is a continuation, in part, of my copending applicationN o. 729,729 led August 2, 1924.

The first step in the construction of the refrigerator is the buildingup of a refrigerator shell a out of wood boards, and these boards may bekeyed together as at Z). This shell comprises a plurality of side wallsand the front wall c, which is provided with door openings d. The topand bottom walls e andV f respectively are also formed of the same kindof wood boards and when the wood shell is complete it provides a woodenshell structure which together with the partition walls g form aplurality of chambers h. Such a box-like wood shell forms the 45py coreof the refrigerator, and I secure to the inside face of the walls oflsaid shell, slabs of insulating material 'i such as balsa wood orcorkboard. This insulating material may be glued to the side walls butin practice it is found that the lining is fitted so tightly that it isunnecessary to lue or otherwise secure the slabs of insulatmg lining tothe wall structure.

vTo prevent this stone'from running, the stone onto the surface whilethe ture is supported on a mould base j to which 1s secured the coresla, these cores being centered w1thin the chambers l1., the side wallsof said cores being spaced from the side Walls of the box structure.Plastic artificial stone 1s now poured into the space between the llningz'- and the cores k and when permitted to set and harden, forms anartificial stone coating a: in the interior of the refrigerator forming'an inner stone lining or shell for the ice and food chambers m and nrespectively.

This stone mixture is preferably anv oxy chlorlde cement mixed in thefollowing proportlons, which I find suitable for the pur-l pose: I take20% of magnesium oxide by welght (powdered form), 30% of finely groundsilica by weight, and 50% of 50 mesh s1l1ca sand by weight. To this drymix I add sucient ma esium chloride in solution at 26 B. spec' cgravity, to obtain a mixture which ma be readily poured. After thisinterior lining or shell is'allowed to Set for a suficient length oftime, usually about 24 hours, the cores are withdrawn and we have a woodshell structure provided with an inner stone shell.

I next secure slabs of balsa wood to the back of the refrigerator,thereby forming a wooden back panel o possessing very high heatinsulating properties. I next it in and secure a moulding p to thewooden shell for holding this back panel in place.

I next coat the exterior surface of this wood shell with arelativelythin coating y of artificial stone and preferably apply thiscoat by spraying the plastic stone onto the exterior surface. inspraying this stone on the exterlor s urface to obtain a uniformthickness of stone,

as this plasticstone will flow when first' applied to the surface if thewall on which the stone is applied is positioned on edge. I spraysurface is at rest in the horizontal plane'and ermit As shown in Fig. lthis wooden shell strucnol It is quite a problem j it to dry and hardenfor about lmmutes,

at which time it has set sufficiently to revent the stone from runningwhen this wa whose surface has justQbeen coated is turned up on edge. Itherefore so 'support the refrigeratorshell that the. same may berotated los ' vhorizontal A 5 use for intermittently and the walls ofsaid shell structure successively come to rest in the plane. Obviouslythis shell couldl be rotated 1n any manner, but I find that it may beeasily turned or rotated by hand. I spray one surface at a time when thesame is at rest in the horizontal plane and when it has set suflicientlI rotate the shell and bring another su ace which is to be coated, torest in the horizontal plane After all these surfaces including the backand, bottom, are sprayed with this .artificial stone, the same 1spermitted to set for a certain length of time, usually about 24 hours,and I obtain a very hard and smooth artificial ,stone coating on theexterior surfaces, but

which is very thin, usually about 1/64 of an inch or less in depth Byspraying this stone over all the exterior surfaces I conceal all thejoints between the differentwalls and between the separate boards ofwhich the shell structure is built.

A very suitable stone mixture which I raying the exterior surfaces is amix of ely powdered magnesium oxide, 25% by weight, 50% of ground sillcaby weight and 25% of lithophone by weight. Tothis dry mix I add asuliicient quantity of magnesium chloride in solution at 26 de ees B.specific gravity to form a thin p astic mixture suitable for a spraygun.

This method of applying the exterior stone coating to a wood box orshell structure, is considerably cheaper than by casting the coatin tothe box, and it produces a box which 1s substantially as good as if athicker exterior coating were applied to the shell structure. Thesprayed coating may be put on very uniformly `and it is possible to drythe outside coating quickly, and when the same hardens it has a verysmooth and hard surface which is not/ very easily cracked orf chi pedoff. Preferably, I cat the stone wit a waterproof coating of enamel suchas Duco put out by the du Pont de Nemours Co. of Wilmington, Delaware. Ipreferably round all corners of the shell structure to permit the betteradherence of the stone to the wall at the corners, as it is diicult ltospray a wall structure with stone, where sharp corners are used, andhave the stone adhere thereto tightly enough to prevent the stone fromchipping slightly at the corners. v A Before spraying the box Ipreferably apply to the surface a solution of magnesium chloride of 26degrees B. specific avity.

The surface is thoroughly covered wlth this v solution in any suitableway, such as by dip ing, spraying or brushing it on. I then re erablyrub the surface with a aint rush'or some other suitable means. Iibis, Ifind, is preferable asan initial step, as it establishes a better bondfor the Oxy-chloride cement with the wood. The Oxy-chloride cement lispreferably s rayed on immediately thereafter, before t is solution ofmagnesium chloride dries out.

What I claim` is:

1. 'A method of refrigerator or cabinet construction, which comprisesthe building of an outer shell structure of wood boards for defining theouter walls and the apertured partitions of the refrigerator, theapplying of a stone coating to the interior surfaces of said shellstructure, and the spraying of the exterior surfaces of said shellstructure withstone.

2. A method of refrigerator or cabinet construction which comprises thebuilding up of a shell structure of wood boards to define the walls andpartitions of the refrigerator, or cabinet, the casting of a stonecoating on the interior surfaces of said shell structure, and thespraying of the exterior surfaces of said shell structure with stone.

3. The method of refrigerator or cabinet construction, which comprisesthe forming of an outer shell and mould of wood boards, and thecast-uniting of 'an inner moulded shell therein.

4. The method of. refrigerator or cabinet construction which comprisesthe forming' of the outer shell and mould of wood an having a lining ofheat insulatin materialouter shell toy dene the walls and the c am--ber, or chambers ofthe refrigerator, lining said shell with heatinsulating material to form a unit core, applying a layer of plasticstone to the lshell and insulating material to form the inner walls ofthe refrigerator, or cabinet and applyingY a layer of .plastic stone tothe exterior surfaces of the shell to form the outer walls of saidrefrigerator, or cabinet.

6. The method of refrigerator, or cabinet construction which comprisesthe forming of a core having a lining of insulating material andapplying a layer ofY plastic stone directly to the surface of saidinsulating material.

7. A method of refrigerator, or cabinet construction which comprises theformin of an outer shell, lining the outer shell witg a layerof heatinsulating materialcast uniting a layer of stone to the ex osed surfacesof said insulating material an spraying the exterior surfaces of saidshell structure with a layer of stone. l

8. A refrigerator, or cabinet construction, comprising a shell structurebuilt up to de- 'ine the, refrigerator contour, a lining of heatinsulatin material. on some of the inner walls o said shell structureanda Acoating ofplastically appliedstone on the llt lll

interior surfacesof said insulating material.

9. A refrigerator, or cabinet construction, comprising a core fordefining the Walls and partition, or partitions, of the refrigerator,said core being made up of exterior shell structure lined withinsulating material, the interior Walls of said refrigerator, orcabinet, being formed by a layer of stone plastically ap lied in part tothe insulating material, an the exterior walls of said cabinet beingformed by .a layer of stone plastically applied to said shell.

10. A refrigerator or cabinet construction, comprising a shell structurebuilt up of wood boards and lined with a layer of insulating materialonthe inside, and a coating of stone applied permanently attached oversaid lining to provide a stone inner shell. l

11. A refrigerator or cabinet construction,

comprising a wood shell structure having an inner insulating g, and astonel inner shell cast united therewith. i

12. A refrigerator or cabinet construction, comprising a single woodshell structure havin an linner insulating lining, and a 4stone innershell secured therein.

13.' In a refrigerator or cabinet construction, an outer shell andmouldl Vof insulated material comprising .a plurality of side Walls, anda moulded inner `shell contacting with and cast-united thereto. l

14. In a refrigerator or cabinet construcl tion, an outer wooden shelland mould comprising a plurality of side walls provided with a lining ofheat insulating material on the inside surface thereof and a front wall,and a` moulded inner shell secured therein.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

LLOYD G. coPEMAN.

